diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/accent.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/accent.rs
index da81fff..5768784 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/accent.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/accent.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ use unlucky_i18n::Lang;
 use unlucky_presenter::prefs::{AccentError, ACCENT_PRESETS};
 
 use crate::app::components::inputs::{text_field, Field};
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::pages::Message;
 use crate::theme::{to_iced, Ui, STROKE_PX};
 
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
     ui: &'a Ui,
     state: &'a State,
     lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
     rows: &mut Vec<Element<'a, Message>>,
 ) {
     let accent = &state.accent;
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
             .into(),
     );
 
-    rows.push(presets(ui, accent, lang));
+    rows.push(presets(ui, accent, lang, forced));
 
     // 非法值：**结构化的原因**，不是「格式不对」这种没法行动的一句话。
     if let Some(error) = accent.error() {
@@ -97,7 +99,12 @@ fn accent_commit() -> Message {
 ///
 /// 为什么分两行：一行放 9 个控件在设置卡片的正文宽度里会被挤成「7 + 1」折行，最后一颗色块
 /// 孤零零掉到下一行（出图实测）。分两行是**有意**的排版，不是被挤出来的。
-fn presets<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, accent: &'a Accent, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn presets<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    accent: &'a Accent,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let current = accent.persist_value();
     let head = row![
         container(label(ui, t(Key::SettingsAppearanceAccentPresets, lang)))
@@ -107,6 +114,7 @@ fn presets<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, accent: &'a Accent, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Messag
             t(Key::SettingsAppearanceAccentFactory, lang),
             current.is_empty(),
             Change::Accent(String::new()),
+            forced,
         ),
     ]
     .spacing(ui.space(Space::X2))
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/bg_image.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/bg_image.rs
index 6c71e6b..0f31b34 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/bg_image.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/bg_image.rs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use unlucky_i18n::Lang;
 use unlucky_presenter::prefs::BgFill;
 
 use crate::app::components::inputs::{slider, text_field, Field, Slider};
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::pages::Message;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
     ui: &'a Ui,
     state: &'a State,
     lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
     rows: &mut Vec<Element<'a, Message>>,
 ) {
     // ④ 背景图开关
@@ -39,12 +41,14 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearanceOff, lang),
                 !state.bg_enabled,
                 Change::BgEnabled(false),
+                forced,
             ),
             choice(
                 ui,
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearanceOn, lang),
                 state.bg_enabled,
                 Change::BgEnabled(true),
+                forced,
             ),
         ],
     ));
@@ -109,18 +113,21 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearanceBgFillCover, lang),
                 state.bg_fill == BgFill::Cover,
                 Change::BgFill(BgFill::Cover),
+                forced,
             ),
             choice(
                 ui,
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearanceBgFillContain, lang),
                 state.bg_fill == BgFill::Contain,
                 Change::BgFill(BgFill::Contain),
+                forced,
             ),
             choice(
                 ui,
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearanceBgFillTile, lang),
                 state.bg_fill == BgFill::Tile,
                 Change::BgFill(BgFill::Tile),
+                forced,
             ),
         ],
     ));
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/colour_source.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/colour_source.rs
index 8b9c85f..9ae4767 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/colour_source.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/colour_source.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use unlucky_i18n::catalog::Key;
 use unlucky_i18n::Lang;
 use unlucky_presenter::prefs::PaletteSource;
 
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::pages::Message;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
     ui: &'a Ui,
     state: &'a State,
     lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
     rows: &mut Vec<Element<'a, Message>>,
 ) {
     // ⑨ 配色来源
@@ -29,18 +31,21 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearancePaletteBackground, lang),
                 state.palette_source == PaletteSource::BackgroundImage,
                 Change::PaletteSource(PaletteSource::BackgroundImage),
+                forced,
             ),
             choice(
                 ui,
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearancePaletteWallpaper, lang),
                 state.palette_source == PaletteSource::Wallpaper,
                 Change::PaletteSource(PaletteSource::Wallpaper),
+                forced,
             ),
             choice(
                 ui,
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearancePalettePreset, lang),
                 state.palette_source == PaletteSource::Preset,
                 Change::PaletteSource(PaletteSource::Preset),
+                forced,
             ),
         ],
     ));
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/mod.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/mod.rs
index 2501406..72c96cf 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/mod.rs
@@ -85,15 +85,24 @@ mod window;
 ///
 /// `lang` 是**这一次生效的语言**：`settings::view` 的 `Language.effective`（M179）。壳把各段按
 /// **视觉顺序**拼起来；每一段的语句逐字来自拆分前的 `section()`。
-pub fn section<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, state: &'a State, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+///
+/// `forced` 是 `--force-state` 的落点（M285，`pages::Model::forced` 一路递到 `Group.body`）：`None` =
+/// 按控件自己的观测态画（产品路径的常态）；`Some(..)` 只服务取证出图。它只改**画出来的**态——
+/// 每一段把它交给 [`choice`]，由 [`super::super::settings::resolve_state`] 那个唯一 resolve 点落地。
+pub fn section<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    state: &'a State,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let mut rows: Vec<Element<'a, Message>> = Vec::new();
 
     // M250：强调色排在最前 —— 它是「配色可自定义」这一页最直接的入口（键一直在，控件是新的）。
-    accent::push(ui, state, lang, &mut rows);
-    window::push(ui, state, lang, &mut rows);
+    accent::push(ui, state, lang, forced, &mut rows);
+    window::push(ui, state, lang, forced, &mut rows);
     panel::push(ui, state, lang, &mut rows);
-    bg_image::push(ui, state, lang, &mut rows);
-    colour_source::push(ui, state, lang, &mut rows);
+    bg_image::push(ui, state, lang, forced, &mut rows);
+    colour_source::push(ui, state, lang, forced, &mut rows);
 
     card(
         ui,
@@ -237,11 +246,14 @@ pub(super) fn choice_row<'a>(
 }
 
 /// 一个互斥按钮（选中态用 `SecondaryContainer`，未选中用透明 + `OnSurfaceVariant`）。
+///
+/// `forced`（M285）只往下递给 [`choice_style`]：`Some` 时按钮按那一态画，`None` 时按观测态画。
 pub(super) fn choice<'a>(
     ui: &'a Ui,
     text: &'a str,
     selected: bool,
     change: Change,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let height = ui.metrics().control_height;
     let radius = ui.radius(ShapeScale::Full, height);
@@ -263,7 +275,7 @@ pub(super) fn choice<'a>(
     )
     .height(height)
     .padding(Padding::from([0.0, ui.space(Space::X3)]))
-    .style(choice_style(ui, selected, content_color, radius))
+    .style(choice_style(ui, selected, content_color, radius, forced))
     .on_press(Message::Appearance(change))
     .into()
 }
@@ -282,6 +294,7 @@ fn choice_style<'a>(
     selected: bool,
     content_color: Color,
     radius: Radius,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> impl Fn(&IcedTheme, button::Status) -> button::Style + 'a {
     move |_theme, status| {
         let background = if selected {
@@ -289,7 +302,7 @@ fn choice_style<'a>(
         } else {
             interaction::layer_color(
                 ui,
-                Interaction::from_status(status),
+                crate::pages::settings::resolve_state(forced, status),
                 Role::OnSurface,
                 frame::BASE.role(),
             )
@@ -353,6 +366,7 @@ mod tests {
             false,
             ui.color(Role::OnSurfaceVariant),
             ui.radius(ShapeScale::Full, ui.metrics().control_height),
+            None,
         );
         let theme = ui.theme();
         let hover = solid(style(&theme, button::Status::Hovered));
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/window.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/window.rs
index ff2ce98..6f2ca0b 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/window.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/appearance/section/window.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ use unlucky_i18n::Lang;
 use unlucky_presenter::prefs::WindowCorner;
 
 use crate::app::components::inputs::{slider, Slider};
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::pages::Message;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
     ui: &'a Ui,
     state: &'a State,
     lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
     rows: &mut Vec<Element<'a, Message>>,
 ) {
     // ① 整窗透明度
@@ -59,12 +61,14 @@ pub(super) fn push<'a>(
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearanceCornerSystem, lang),
                 corner == WindowCorner::System,
                 Change::Corner(WindowCorner::System),
+                forced,
             ),
             choice(
                 ui,
                 t(Key::SettingsAppearanceCornerSquare, lang),
                 corner == WindowCorner::Square,
                 Change::Corner(WindowCorner::Square),
+                forced,
             ),
         ],
     ));
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/app.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/app.rs
index de198f9..3af1417 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/app.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/app.rs
@@ -146,12 +146,15 @@ pub fn run(request: Request) -> Result<(), String> {
         iced::application(
             move || {
                 let mut model = demo_model(boot.screen, boot.width, boot.height);
-                // 截图通道把**消费 forced 的那批控件**（实例页）钉成常态，与产品 `--screenshot`
-                // 的 `ForcedState::Rest` 同一条纪律。它管不到设置页 / 外观区（那边不读 forced），
-                // 那两屏的密闭靠窗口级 passthrough——别把这条当成万能的。
-                if boot.screenshot.is_some() {
-                    model.forced = Some(Interaction::Enabled);
-                }
+                // 截图通道把消费 forced 的控件钉成常态，与产品 `--screenshot` 的 `ForcedState::Rest`
+                // 同一条纪律；显式的 `--force-state=hover|pressed` **优先**（那是故意要画那个态）。
+                //
+                // M285：这条线现在真的到得了设置页 / 外观区——`pages::Model.forced` 经
+                // `settings::view(.., forced)` → `Group.body` → 语言档 / 主题档 / 日志按钮 / 外观 choice，
+                // 由 `settings::resolve_state` 落到样式闭包。此前那四处的状态层只有单测证据。
+                model.forced = boot
+                    .force_state
+                    .or_else(|| boot.screenshot.is_some().then_some(Interaction::Enabled));
                 // M250：gallery 出图也要能看见强调色。**规则不在这里抄** —— 调产品用的同一个
                 // `theme::tokens`（优先级只定义一次）。如实补一句：harness 不建 `App`，所以这里
                 // 没有 D38 取色方案（第三个实参恒 `None`），出图**不覆盖**那条分支。
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/request.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/request.rs
index 569271e..d7cd4a5 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/request.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/harness/request.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;
 
 use unlucky_design::color::SchemeFlavor;
 
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::cli::Backend;
 use crate::pages::{layout::WidthClass, Screen};
 
@@ -47,6 +48,18 @@ pub struct Request {
     ///
     /// 只对 `--screen=settings` 有意义：别的页没有外观分组，静默接受会造出「以为接了线」的假图（U1）。
     pub real_appearance: bool,
+    /// 强制交互态（`--force-state=rest|hover|pressed`）：`Some` 时**控件按那一态画**（M285）。
+    ///
+    /// 为什么这个开关在本文件而不在产品 bin：产品 bin 的 `--screen` 只认 `shell|gallery`，设置页 /
+    /// 外观区只能走本 harness 出图（`examples/pages_demo.rs`）。M282 / M284 各自撞过一次——
+    /// `pages::Model.forced` 到不了设置页，于是「hover 与 pressed 必须不同」这条判据**做不出像素证据**，
+    /// 只能降级成单测。接上之后两条态各自一张图。
+    ///
+    /// 词与语义与产品的 `cli::ForcedState` 一致（`rest|hover|pressed`），但**刻意不共用那个 enum**：
+    /// 产品那条通道的默认值与守卫（`--screenshot` 恒钉 `Rest`）是另一套，把两者拧在一起会让
+    /// 「取证通道的默认值」和「产品窗口的默认值」互相污染。这里存的是下游形状 [`Interaction`]，
+    /// 落点是 `pages::Model.forced`（`harness/app.rs`）。
+    pub force_state: Option<Interaction>,
     /// 截图窗口开**指针穿透**（`window::enable_mouse_passthrough` ⇒ winit `set_cursor_hittest(false)`）。
     ///
     /// 默认：给了 `--screenshot` 就开；**交互模式（没有截图）一律关**——交互窗口收不到鼠标是产品事故，
@@ -68,6 +81,7 @@ impl Default for Request {
             backend: Backend::Auto,
             scale_factor: None,
             real_appearance: false,
+            force_state: None,
             passthrough: false,
         }
     }
@@ -138,6 +152,20 @@ impl Request {
                             }
                         };
                 }
+                "--force-state" => {
+                    // 三档词与产品 bin 同一套（`cli.rs` 的 `--force-state`），报错文案也照抄。
+                    request.force_state =
+                        Some(match take(&mut args, inline, "--force-state")?.as_str() {
+                            "rest" => Interaction::Enabled,
+                            "hover" => Interaction::Hovered,
+                            "pressed" => Interaction::Pressed,
+                            other => {
+                                return Err(format!(
+                                    "--force-state 只认 rest|hover|pressed，收到 {other:?}"
+                                ))
+                            }
+                        });
+                }
                 "--passthrough" => {
                     passthrough = Some(match take(&mut args, inline, "--passthrough")?.as_str() {
                         "on" => true,
@@ -183,7 +211,7 @@ impl Request {
         Ok(request)
     }
 
-    /// 出图文件名片段（`<screen>[-real]-<class>-<flavor>-w<宽>`，归档用）。
+    /// 出图文件名片段（`<screen>[-real][-hover|-pressed]-<class>-<flavor>-w<宽>`，归档用）。
     pub fn slug(&self) -> String {
         let class = WidthClass::of(self.width);
         let flavor = if self.flavor.is_dark() {
@@ -198,6 +226,13 @@ impl Request {
         } else {
             self.screen.slug().to_owned()
         };
+        // 强制态也进文件名（`-hover` / `-pressed`）：同一屏在两个 forced 下是**两张不同的证据图**，
+        // 归档里必须能分开（与 `-real` 同一条理由）。`rest` / 不给 = 不加后缀 ⇒ 既有文件名逐字不变。
+        let screen = match self.force_state {
+            Some(Interaction::Hovered) => format!("{screen}-hover"),
+            Some(Interaction::Pressed) => format!("{screen}-pressed"),
+            _ => screen,
+        };
         format!("{screen}-{}-{flavor}-w{width}", class.name())
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/mod.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/mod.rs
index dbd6b66..76163e9 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/mod.rs
@@ -282,7 +282,9 @@ fn body<'a>(
             content::view(ui, metrics, &model.content, model.lang, model.window_height)
         }
         // M159：设置页「更新」组要画 presenter 的更新快照（不在 `States` 里，理由见该组文档）。
-        Screen::Settings => settings::view(ui, metrics, states, language, &model.update),
+        Screen::Settings => {
+            settings::view(ui, metrics, states, language, &model.update, model.forced)
+        }
         Screen::Logs => logs::view(ui, metrics, &model.logs, model.lang),
     };
 
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/ai/view.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/ai/view.rs
index 542ea6f..96ebaab 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/ai/view.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/ai/view.rs
@@ -24,11 +24,12 @@ use unlucky_i18n::{Catalog, Key, Lang};
 
 use crate::app::components::buttons::{self, Button};
 use crate::app::components::inputs::{text_field, Field, FieldVariant};
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::app::components::selection::{chip, switch, Chip, Switch};
 use crate::pages::frame::{card, divider, text_role_owned};
 use crate::pages::settings::ai::outcome::ProbeKind;
 use crate::pages::settings::ai::state::{Probe, ProviderId, SaveNotice, Secret, State, Status};
-use crate::pages::settings::{ai_about, GroupMessage, States};
+use crate::pages::settings::{ai_about, forced_button, GroupMessage, States};
 use crate::pages::Message;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
@@ -38,11 +39,21 @@ fn msg(message: ai_about::Message) -> Message {
 }
 
 /// 一张卡片（`pages::settings::form` 按下标把 `Lang` 递进来，见 `settings/mod.rs`）。
-pub(crate) fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, states: States<'a>, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message> {
-    body_of(ui, &states.groups.ai_about, lang)
+pub(crate) fn body<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    states: States<'a>,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+    body_of(ui, &states.groups.ai_about, lang, forced)
 }
 
-fn body_of<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, state: &'a State, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn body_of<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    state: &'a State,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let catalog = lang.catalog();
     let mut stacked = column![].spacing(ui.space(Space::X2)).width(Length::Fill);
 
@@ -56,7 +67,7 @@ fn body_of<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, state: &'a State, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message>
     stacked = stacked.push(model_field(ui, catalog, state));
     stacked = stacked.push(key_field(ui, catalog, state));
     stacked = stacked.push(divider(ui));
-    stacked = stacked.push(actions_row(ui, catalog, state));
+    stacked = stacked.push(actions_row(ui, catalog, state, forced));
     stacked = stacked.push(hint_line(ui, catalog, state));
 
     if let Some(notice) = &state.notice {
@@ -267,10 +278,21 @@ fn key_field<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, state: &'a State) -> Element<'a,
     .into()
 }
 
-fn actions_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, state: &State) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn actions_row<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    catalog: Catalog,
+    state: &State,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let save_label = catalog.text(Key::SettingsAiSave);
     let save = if state.dirty && state.storage {
-        buttons::filled(ui, Button::new(save_label, msg(ai_about::Message::Save)))
+        buttons::filled(
+            ui,
+            forced_button(
+                Button::new(save_label, msg(ai_about::Message::Save)),
+                forced,
+            ),
+        )
     } else {
         buttons::filled(ui, Button::disabled(save_label))
     };
@@ -281,7 +303,13 @@ fn actions_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, state: &State) -> Element<'a, M
         catalog.text(Key::SettingsAiTest)
     };
     let test = if state.can_test() {
-        buttons::tonal(ui, Button::new(test_label, msg(ai_about::Message::Test)))
+        buttons::tonal(
+            ui,
+            forced_button(
+                Button::new(test_label, msg(ai_about::Message::Test)),
+                forced,
+            ),
+        )
     } else {
         buttons::tonal(ui, Button::disabled(test_label))
     };
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/appearance.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/appearance.rs
index ba2214c..f17f036 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/appearance.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/appearance.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ use iced::Element;
 use unlucky_design::icons::IconKind;
 use unlucky_i18n::Lang;
 
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
 use super::{Group, Message, States};
@@ -39,9 +40,15 @@ pub(super) const GROUP: Group = Group {
 
 /// 本组的真控件渲染器：有外观状态就画真控件（M93），没有（harness）返回 `None`。
 ///
-/// `lang` 一路递给 `pages::appearance::section`——它是这一组唯一知道「界面现在是什么语言」的东西。
-fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, states: States<'a>, lang: Lang) -> Option<Element<'a, Message>> {
+/// `lang` 一路递给 `pages::appearance::section`——它是这一组唯一知道「界面现在是什么语言」的东西；
+/// `forced`（`--force-state`，M285）同样一路递下去，由 `section` 分给各段控件。
+fn body<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    states: States<'a>,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Option<Element<'a, Message>> {
     states
         .appearance
-        .map(|state| crate::pages::appearance::section(ui, state, lang))
+        .map(|state| crate::pages::appearance::section(ui, state, lang, forced))
 }
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/download.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/download.rs
index 87454b6..526be22 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/download.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/download.rs
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ use unlucky_presenter::dto::find_row;
 
 use crate::app::components::buttons::{self, Button};
 use crate::app::components::inputs::{text_field, Field, FieldVariant};
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::app::components::selection::{chip, switch, Chip, Switch};
 use crate::pages::frame::text_role_owned;
 use crate::pages::Message as PageMessage;
@@ -69,6 +70,9 @@ use super::{Group, States};
 
 /// Downloads 分组。
 ///
+/// `body` 的 `_forced`（`--force-state`，M285）**接住不用**：本组控件是 `components::selection`
+/// 的 `chip` / `switch` 与 `Field`，components 层没有 forced 开口。留形参只为 `Group.body` 只有一个签名。
+///
 /// `rows` 只在**没有快照**时画（harness / 首帧）：它们是语义行（出厂值 / 区间 / 三态），
 /// 不是当前值——M193 用户的投诉正是「把演示值当成了真值」。
 pub(super) const GROUP: Group = Group {
@@ -179,7 +183,12 @@ fn msg(message: Message) -> PageMessage {
 ///
 /// 为什么不给 [`block`] 加 padding：那会把卡片的**第一行顶距**也撑开（卡内边距 20 + 12），与其它四组
 /// 的第一行不再对齐；`spacing` 只作用在子节点之间，首行顶距与末行底距仍是卡片的 20。
-fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, states: States<'a>, lang: Lang) -> Option<Element<'a, PageMessage>> {
+fn body<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    states: States<'a>,
+    lang: Lang,
+    _forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Option<Element<'a, PageMessage>> {
     let group = state_group(&states)?;
     let drafts = &states.groups.download;
     let catalog = lang.catalog();
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general.rs
index e13c643..0b6d03a 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general.rs
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ use unlucky_design::spacing::Space;
 use unlucky_design::typography::TypeRole;
 use unlucky_i18n::catalog::Key;
 
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::fonts::install::{CjkInstall, FetchClass};
 use crate::pages::{frame, Language, Message};
 use crate::theme::Ui;
@@ -72,10 +73,17 @@ pub(super) const GROUP: Group = Group {
 };
 
 /// 这一组的正文（**产品路径**）。
-pub(super) fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, states: States<'a>, language: Language) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+///
+/// `forced` 是 `--force-state`（M285）：本组只有语言行 / 主题行 / 日志行三处有可交互控件，三处都往下递。
+pub(super) fn body<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    states: States<'a>,
+    language: Language,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let catalog = language.effective.catalog();
     let mut stacked = column![].spacing(0.0).width(Length::Fill);
-    stacked = stacked.push(language::view(ui, language));
+    stacked = stacked.push(language::view(ui, language, forced));
     // M168（D28 后半）：中文字体的下载状态行。紧贴语言行——用户在这里手选中文，反馈就该在这行下面，
     // 而不是等他切到别的页面才发现「刚才那几秒在干嘛」。
     stacked = stacked.push(divider(ui));
@@ -88,12 +96,13 @@ pub(super) fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, states: States<'a>, language: Language) -> El
         ui,
         &catalog,
         states.groups.language_appearance.theme,
+        forced,
     ));
 
     // M188：日志文件夹（路径 + 打开 + 复制路径）。放在「启动页/关闭按钮」之前——用户投诉
     // 「找不到崩溃日志」要的答案，不该埋在只读行后面。
     stacked = stacked.push(divider(ui));
-    stacked = stacked.push(super::logs_row::folder_row(ui, &catalog));
+    stacked = stacked.push(super::logs_row::folder_row(ui, &catalog, forced));
 
     // 启动页 / 关闭按钮：还没有后端，只读；文案已经进 catalog。
     for (label, value) in [
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/language.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/language.rs
index 3db2559..5d1980e 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/language.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/language.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,11 @@ use crate::pages::{frame, Language, Message};
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
 /// 语言行：标题 + 生效语言回显 + 三档互斥按钮 + 一句说明。
-pub(super) fn view<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, language: Language) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+pub(super) fn view<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    language: Language,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let catalog = language.effective.catalog();
     let effective = LangChoice::Fixed(language.effective).label_key();
 
@@ -60,6 +64,7 @@ pub(super) fn view<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, language: Language) -> Element<'a, Message> {
                 catalog.text(choice.label_key()),
                 *choice == language.choice,
                 *choice,
+                forced,
             )
         })
         .collect::<Vec<_>>())
@@ -90,7 +95,13 @@ pub(super) fn view<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, language: Language) -> Element<'a, Message> {
 /// **几何（M229）**：取规格卡的 chip（高 32、圆角 8、内距 16、未选中 1px `OutlineVariant`），
 /// 与同屏的主题三档 chips 完全同源——两行都是「并排的互斥筛选」，长得不一样会让读者以为是
 /// 两种控件（M229 第一版就是这样：语言 40 高药丸、主题 32 高方角，出图一眼就不齐）。
-fn chip<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, text: &'a str, selected: bool, choice: LangChoice) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn chip<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    text: &'a str,
+    selected: bool,
+    choice: LangChoice,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let box_ = unlucky_design::inkcat::metrics::CHIP;
     let height = box_.height;
     let content_color = if selected {
@@ -124,6 +135,7 @@ fn chip<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, text: &'a str, selected: bool, choice: LangChoice) -> El
         border_color,
         stroke,
         radius,
+        forced,
     ))
     .on_press(Message::Language(choice))
     .into()
@@ -131,16 +143,20 @@ fn chip<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, text: &'a str, selected: bool, choice: LangChoice) -> El
 
 /// [`chip`] 的样式闭包（抽成自由函数：单测要**直接**喂 `Hovered` / `Pressed` 两态）。
 ///
+/// `forced`（M285）是 `--force-state` 的落点，交给 `settings::resolve_state`（全仓唯一的 resolve 点）；
+/// `None` 时行为与 M285 之前逐字节相同。`pub(super)` 是因为 `general/theme.rs` 的单测要直接喂它。
+///
 /// - **α 只从 [`Interaction`] 来**：hover 8% / pressed 10%（M3）。M284 之前两种态合并成一条
 ///   `matches!(status, Hovered | Pressed)` 分支、都叠 `StateLayer::Hover`，按下于是被压成 8%；
 /// - **合成底是 [`frame::BASE`]**（M237：这一组住在 `frame::card` 里，状态层叠卡底而不是画布）。
-fn chip_style<'a>(
+pub(super) fn chip_style<'a>(
     ui: &'a Ui,
     selected: bool,
     content_color: Color,
     border_color: Color,
     stroke: f32,
     radius: Radius,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> impl Fn(&IcedTheme, button::Status) -> button::Style + 'a {
     move |_theme, status| {
         let background = if selected {
@@ -148,7 +164,7 @@ fn chip_style<'a>(
         } else {
             interaction::layer_color(
                 ui,
-                Interaction::from_status(status),
+                crate::pages::settings::resolve_state(forced, status),
                 Role::OnSurface,
                 frame::BASE.role(),
             )
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/theme.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/theme.rs
index 18611f9..2ef5c07 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/theme.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/general/theme.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,14 @@ use crate::theme::Ui;
 pub(super) const THEME_MODES: [ThemeMode; 3] = [ThemeMode::Dark, ThemeMode::Light, ThemeMode::Auto];
 
 /// 主题行：标题 + 三档互斥 chip + 一句说明（排版与语言行同族）。
-pub(super) fn view<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: &Catalog, mode: ThemeMode) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+///
+/// `forced`（M285）只往下递给 chip：`None` = 按观测态画（产品路径的常态）。
+pub(super) fn view<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    catalog: &Catalog,
+    mode: ThemeMode,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let head = row![
         container(frame::text_role(
             ui,
@@ -61,6 +68,7 @@ pub(super) fn view<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: &Catalog, mode: ThemeMode) -> Elemen
                 catalog.text(mode_label(*choice)),
                 *choice == mode,
                 *choice,
+                forced,
             )
         })
         .collect::<Vec<_>>())
@@ -97,7 +105,13 @@ fn mode_label(mode: ThemeMode) -> Key {
 ///
 /// 几何取规格卡的 chip（高 32、圆角 8，`inkcat::metrics::CHIP`）：主题三档是**可并排的筛选**，
 /// 不是主行动按钮，用 chip 档比语言行那枚 40 高药丸更贴规格卡。
-fn chip<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, text: &'a str, selected: bool, mode: ThemeMode) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn chip<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    text: &'a str,
+    selected: bool,
+    mode: ThemeMode,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let box_ = chipbox::CHIP;
     let height = box_.height;
     let content_color = if selected {
@@ -128,6 +142,7 @@ fn chip<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, text: &'a str, selected: bool, mode: ThemeMode) -> Eleme
         border_color,
         stroke,
         radius,
+        forced,
     ))
     .on_press(Message::Theme(mode))
     .into()
@@ -145,6 +160,7 @@ fn chip_style<'a>(
     border_color: Color,
     stroke: f32,
     radius: Radius,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> impl Fn(&IcedTheme, button::Status) -> button::Style + 'a {
     move |_theme, status| {
         let background = if selected {
@@ -152,7 +168,7 @@ fn chip_style<'a>(
         } else {
             interaction::layer_color(
                 ui,
-                Interaction::from_status(status),
+                crate::pages::settings::resolve_state(forced, status),
                 Role::OnSurface,
                 frame::BASE.role(),
             )
@@ -254,17 +270,19 @@ mod tests {
                 ui.color(Role::OutlineVariant),
                 crate::theme::STROKE_PX,
                 ui.radius(chipbox::CHIP.shape, chipbox::CHIP.height),
+                None,
             ),
         );
     }
 
     /// **语言行那枚 chip**（`general::chip` 的 `chip_style`）同理：hover 8% / pressed 10%。
     ///
-    /// 为什么这条断言住在 `theme.rs` 而不是 `general.rs`：后者已经 389 行（硬线 400），而
-    /// `general` 的私有项对子模块可见（Rust 的可见性包含后代模块），搬过来不用加 `pub`。
+    /// 为什么这条断言住在 `theme.rs` 而不是语言行自己的文件：M285 起语言行在
+    /// `general/language.rs`，它的 `chip_style` 声明成 `pub(super)`（`general` 子树可见），
+    /// 所以这里不必把它抬成 crate 面。
     #[test]
     fn the_language_chip_draws_pressed_darker_than_hover() {
-        use super::super::chip_style as language_chip_style;
+        use super::super::language::chip_style as language_chip_style;
 
         let ui = ui();
         assert_two_layers(
@@ -276,6 +294,7 @@ mod tests {
                 ui.color(Role::OutlineVariant),
                 crate::theme::STROKE_PX,
                 ui.radius(chipbox::CHIP.shape, chipbox::CHIP.height),
+                None,
             ),
         );
     }
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/java/view.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/java/view.rs
index 25b445f..56e8ca2 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/java/view.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/java/view.rs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use unlucky_design::typography::TypeRole;
 use unlucky_i18n::{Catalog, Key, Lang};
 
 use crate::app::components::buttons::{self, Button};
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::app::components::selection::{chip, Chip};
 use crate::pages::frame::{card, divider, text_role_owned, BASE};
 use crate::pages::Message;
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ use crate::theme::Ui;
 use super::fields::{actions_row, add_row, hint_line, jvm_field, memory_field, notice_line};
 use super::state::{Progress, RuntimeRow, State};
 use super::Message as JavaMessage;
-use crate::pages::settings::{GroupMessage, States};
+use crate::pages::settings::{forced_button, GroupMessage, States};
 
 /// 一条本组消息 → 页面消息。
 pub(super) fn msg(message: JavaMessage) -> Message {
@@ -40,15 +41,25 @@ pub(super) fn msg(message: JavaMessage) -> Message {
 }
 
 /// 一张卡片（`pages::settings::form` 按下标把 `Lang` 递进来）。
-pub(crate) fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, states: States<'a>, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message> {
-    body_of(ui, &states.groups.java, lang)
+pub(crate) fn body<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    states: States<'a>,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+    body_of(ui, &states.groups.java, lang, forced)
 }
 
-fn body_of<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, state: &'a State, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn body_of<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    state: &'a State,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let catalog = lang.catalog();
     let mut stacked = column![].spacing(ui.space(Space::X2)).width(Length::Fill);
 
-    stacked = stacked.push(status_row(ui, catalog, state));
+    stacked = stacked.push(status_row(ui, catalog, state, forced));
     stacked = stacked.push(divider(ui));
     stacked = stacked.push(runtime_list(ui, catalog, state));
     stacked = stacked.push(divider(ui));
@@ -77,7 +88,12 @@ fn body_of<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, state: &'a State, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message>
 ///
 /// 「取消」的语义（r1 复审 P2-5）：按下之后到线程真退出之间，界面显示的是**正在取消…**，
 /// 「立即扫描」保持禁用——否则用户能在旧线程还活着的时候起第二个。
-fn status_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, state: &State) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn status_row<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    catalog: Catalog,
+    state: &State,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let (text, scanning) = match (state.scanning, state.scanned) {
         (Some(_), _) if state.cancelled => {
             (catalog.text(Key::SettingsJavaCancelling).to_string(), true)
@@ -121,16 +137,22 @@ fn status_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, state: &State) -> Element<'a, Me
     } else {
         buttons::filled(
             ui,
-            Button::new(scan_label, msg(JavaMessage::Scan)).base(BASE),
+            forced_button(
+                Button::new(scan_label, msg(JavaMessage::Scan)).base(BASE),
+                forced,
+            ),
         )
     };
     // 已经按过取消（线程还没退出）时，「取消」也灰掉：再按一次没有任何意义。
     let cancel = buttons::tonal(
         ui,
         if scanning && !state.cancelled {
-            Button::new(
-                catalog.text(Key::SettingsJavaCancel),
-                msg(JavaMessage::CancelScan),
+            forced_button(
+                Button::new(
+                    catalog.text(Key::SettingsJavaCancel),
+                    msg(JavaMessage::CancelScan),
+                ),
+                forced,
             )
         } else {
             Button::disabled(catalog.text(Key::SettingsJavaCancel))
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/logs_row.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/logs_row.rs
index d006c90..9ccd413 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/logs_row.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/logs_row.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,11 @@ use crate::pages::{frame, Action, Message};
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
 /// 这一行（竖排：标签 / 路径 / 两个按钮 / 一句说明）。
-pub(super) fn folder_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: &Catalog) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+pub(super) fn folder_row<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    catalog: &Catalog,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let path = crate::app::logs_folder::logs_dir()
         .map(|dir| dir.display().to_string())
         .unwrap_or_else(|| catalog.text(Key::SettingsLogsUnknown).to_string());
@@ -40,11 +44,13 @@ pub(super) fn folder_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: &Catalog) -> Element<'a, Messa
             ui,
             catalog.text(Key::LogsOpenFolder),
             Message::Action(Action::OpenLogs),
+            forced,
         ),
         action_button(
             ui,
             catalog.text(Key::SettingsLogsCopy),
             Message::CopySummary(path.clone()),
+            forced,
         ),
     ]
     .spacing(ui.space(Space::X2))
@@ -97,7 +103,12 @@ fn frame_text_owned<'a>(
 }
 
 /// 描边小按钮（与设置页其他「次级动作」同款：透明底、hover 出状态层、全圆角）。
-fn action_button<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, label: &'a str, message: Message) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn action_button<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    label: &'a str,
+    message: Message,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let height = ui.metrics().control_height;
     let content = ui.color(Role::OnSurface);
     let outline = ui.color(Role::OutlineVariant);
@@ -107,7 +118,7 @@ fn action_button<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, label: &'a str, message: Message) -> Element<'a
     )
     .height(height)
     .padding(Padding::from([0.0, ui.space(Space::X3)]))
-    .style(action_style(ui, content, outline, radius))
+    .style(action_style(ui, content, outline, radius, forced))
     .on_press(message)
     .into()
 }
@@ -122,11 +133,12 @@ fn action_style<'a>(
     content: Color,
     outline: Color,
     radius: Radius,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> impl Fn(&IcedTheme, button::Status) -> button::Style + 'a {
     move |_theme, status| {
         let background = interaction::layer_color(
             ui,
-            Interaction::from_status(status),
+            crate::pages::settings::resolve_state(forced, status),
             Role::OnSurface,
             frame::BASE.role(),
         )
@@ -189,6 +201,7 @@ mod tests {
             ui.color(Role::OnSurface),
             ui.color(Role::OutlineVariant),
             ui.radius(ShapeScale::Full, ui.metrics().control_height),
+            None,
         );
         let theme = ui.theme();
         let hover = solid(style(&theme, button::Status::Hovered));
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/mod.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/mod.rs
index ab7f720..a4b998f 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/mod.rs
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ mod tests;
 pub use message::GroupMessage;
 pub use state::{demo_groups, Groups, States};
 
-use iced::widget::column;
+use iced::widget::{button, column};
 use iced::{Element, Length};
 
 use unlucky_design::color::Role;
@@ -156,6 +156,8 @@ use unlucky_design::spacing::Space;
 use unlucky_design::typography::TypeRole;
 use unlucky_i18n::{Lang, LangChoice};
 
+use crate::app::components::buttons::Button;
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
 use super::layout::{FrameMetrics, PageLayout};
@@ -165,6 +167,36 @@ use super::Message;
 pub(super) use registry::Group;
 use registry::{AI_GROUP, GENERAL_GROUP, GROUPS, GROUP_LABELS, JAVA_GROUP, SELECTED, UPDATE_GROUP};
 
+/// 这一帧某个控件**实际要画**的交互态：`forced`（`--force-state`）优先，否则退回观测到的 `status`。
+///
+/// **全仓唯一的 resolve 点（M285）**：语言档 / 主题档 / 日志 `action_button` / 外观 `choice` 四个站点
+/// 一律调它。谁在自己那个样式闭包里再写一遍 `unwrap_or_else`，就是把这行语义复制成四份——下一次
+/// 只改三处就等着漂。
+///
+/// 语义与 `pages/instances.rs` 的 `forced_state`（`Button::state(…)`，`Some` 覆盖、`None` 不动）相同；
+/// 差别只在 iced 的裸 `button` 没有 `.state()`：样式闭包的签名固定收 `button::Status`，所以覆盖只能
+/// 发生在闭包**里面**（换掉它拿到的那一态），而不是控件上。
+pub(super) fn resolve_state(forced: Option<Interaction>, status: button::Status) -> Interaction {
+    forced.unwrap_or_else(|| Interaction::from_status(status))
+}
+
+/// 把一个 `components::buttons::Button` 钉到 `forced` 那一态（`pages/instances.rs` 的 `forced_state`
+/// 在设置页的这一份）。
+///
+/// **这是第二份，不是抽象**（M285）：实例页那条线的控件本身就是 `components::buttons::Button`
+///（有 `state(Interaction)`），而设置页的 `choice` / `chip` / `action_button` 是裸 `iced::button`——
+/// 覆盖只能落在样式闭包里（见 [`resolve_state`]）。三次法则现在到 2；第三次真出现时落点是
+/// `components/interaction/`，不是这里。
+pub(super) fn forced_button<'a, M>(
+    button: Button<'a, M>,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Button<'a, M> {
+    match forced {
+        Some(state) => button.state(state),
+        None => button,
+    }
+}
+
 /// 设置页 General 分组要的两件（M106）：用户选的档位 + 这一次生效的语言。
 ///
 /// 为什么不塞进 `pages::Model`：那是页面与 presenter 之间的**展示契约**（由快照派生），而档位是
@@ -194,12 +226,17 @@ impl Default for Language {
 ///
 /// `states` 是「画一帧时那份只读状态」：[`States::appearance`] 是 M93 接进来的外观运行期状态
 /// （`None` = harness / 演示路径，设置页仍画占位行），[`States::groups`] 是各组自己的状态。
+///
+/// `forced` 是 `pages::Model::forced`（`--force-state` 的落点，M285）：一路递到各组的控件，由
+/// [`resolve_state`] 决定「这一帧画哪一态」。`None` = 照旧按控件自己的观测态画——**产品路径恒为
+/// `None`**（除了取证启动），所以默认行为逐字节不变。
 pub fn view<'a>(
     ui: &'a Ui,
     metrics: FrameMetrics,
     states: States<'a>,
     language: Language,
     update: &'a Update,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     // 选中分组：有真实外观状态时看状态（点左列可切），否则退回演示值 0。
     let selected = states
@@ -212,10 +249,10 @@ pub fn view<'a>(
             frame::group_nav(ui, selected, language.effective),
             frame::left_aligned(
                 metrics.column,
-                form(ui, Some(selected), states, language, update),
+                form(ui, Some(selected), states, language, update, forced),
             ),
         ),
-        _ => frame::single_column(metrics, form(ui, None, states, language, update)),
+        _ => frame::single_column(metrics, form(ui, None, states, language, update, forced)),
     };
 
     frame::page(ui, metrics, frame::header(ui, language.effective), body)
@@ -240,10 +277,11 @@ fn form<'a>(
     states: States<'a>,
     language: Language,
     update: &'a Update,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let mut stack = column![].spacing(ui.space(Space::X6)).width(Length::Fill);
 
-    for section in section_columns(ui, only, states, language, update) {
+    for section in section_columns(ui, only, states, language, update, forced) {
         stack = stack.push(section);
     }
 
@@ -258,6 +296,7 @@ fn section_columns<'a>(
     states: States<'a>,
     language: Language,
     update: &'a Update,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
 ) -> Vec<Element<'a, Message>> {
     let catalog = language.effective.catalog();
     let mut columns = Vec::new();
@@ -274,20 +313,20 @@ fn section_columns<'a>(
         // 档位与生效语言不在 [`States`] 里，只能从 `pages::Language` 进来；它与 `appearance` 在不在场
         // 无关（harness 那条路径也画得出真控件）。
         let card = if index == GENERAL_GROUP {
-            general::body(ui, states, language)
+            general::body(ui, states, language, forced)
         } else if index == UPDATE_GROUP {
             // M159：更新组读 presenter 快照（`view` 的 `update` 形参），与 General 同一条按下标分发。
-            update::body(ui, update, language.effective)
+            update::body(ui, update, language.effective, forced)
         } else if index == AI_GROUP {
             // M174：助手组要 i18n 文案与「测试连接」结论，与 General / Update 同一条按下标分发。
-            ai::view::body(ui, states, language.effective)
+            ai::view::body(ui, states, language.effective, forced)
         } else if index == JAVA_GROUP {
             // M175：Java 组要 i18n 文案 + 扫描快照，同样按下标分发（`GROUP.body` 保持 `None`）。
-            java::view::body(ui, states, language.effective)
+            java::view::body(ui, states, language.effective, forced)
         } else {
             group
                 .body
-                .and_then(|body| body(ui, states, language.effective))
+                .and_then(|body| body(ui, states, language.effective, forced))
                 .unwrap_or_else(|| frame::demo_card(ui, group.rows))
         };
 
@@ -313,3 +352,50 @@ fn section_columns<'a>(
 
     columns
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod resolve_tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// `forced` 必须**覆盖**观测到的 status；不给 `forced` 时必须**退回**观测值（M285）。
+    ///
+    /// 抓得住：把 `Some` 分支改成忽略 forced（直接 `Interaction::from_status(status)`）——第一条立刻红，
+    /// 而那正好等于「`--force-state` 在四个控件上没接线」。
+    /// 抓不住：forced 真的画进了 PNG（那是 `pages_demo --force-state=hover|pressed` 的像素判据）。
+    /// `forced_button` 只做一件事：`Some` 钉态、`None` 原样（M285）。
+    ///
+    /// `Button::state` 是私有字段、没有 getter，所以断 **derived Debug** 里的那一格。
+    /// 抓得住：`Some` 分支被改成恒 `None`（第一条红）；`None` 分支也顺手 `.state(..)`（第二条红）。
+    /// 抓不住：按钮真画成那色（那是出图的事）。
+    #[test]
+    fn forced_button_forces_only_when_asked() {
+        let plain = Button::new("x", ());
+        let forced = format!(
+            "{:?}",
+            forced_button(plain.clone(), Some(Interaction::Hovered))
+        );
+        assert!(
+            forced.contains("state: Some(Hovered)"),
+            "forced 必须钉到那一态：{forced}"
+        );
+        let untouched = format!("{:?}", forced_button(plain, None));
+        assert!(
+            untouched.contains("state: None"),
+            "没给 forced 时必须原样返回：{untouched}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn forced_state_wins_over_the_observed_status() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_state(Some(Interaction::Hovered), button::Status::Pressed),
+            Interaction::Hovered,
+            "forced 必须覆盖观测到的 status，否则 --force-state 在这四个控件上等于没接线"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            resolve_state(None, button::Status::Pressed),
+            Interaction::Pressed,
+            "没给 forced 时必须退回观测值（既有行为不变）"
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/registry.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/registry.rs
index 6124528..268bf40 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/registry.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/registry.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ use iced::Element;
 use unlucky_design::icons::IconKind;
 use unlucky_i18n::Lang;
 
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
 use super::{ai_about, appearance, download, general, java, update, Message, States};
@@ -36,7 +37,12 @@ use super::{ai_about, appearance, download, general, java, update, Message, Stat
 ///
 /// `lang` 是 M179 加的：槽位此前拿不到语言，唯一挂了真控件的外观组只能写死英文；接进**唯一的那个
 /// 槽位**比再给 [`super::form`] 加一条按下标分发的 `else if` 更省行数（本文件贴着 400 行硬顶）。
-pub(crate) type Body = for<'a> fn(&'a Ui, States<'a>, Lang) -> Option<Element<'a, Message>>;
+///
+/// `forced` 是 M285 加的（`pages::Model::forced`，即 `--force-state`）：`None` = 按控件自己的观测态画
+/// （产品路径的常态），`Some(..)` 只服务取证。站点拿它去调 [`super::resolve_state`]——那是全仓唯一的
+/// resolve 点，别在这里或各组里另写一遍。
+pub(crate) type Body =
+    for<'a> fn(&'a Ui, States<'a>, Lang, Option<Interaction>) -> Option<Element<'a, Message>>;
 
 /// 一个设置分组：名字、图标、演示行、（可选）把这一组正文画成真控件的渲染器。
 ///
diff --git a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/update.rs b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/update.rs
index 98bdf78..5130e5d 100644
--- a/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/update.rs
+++ b/crates/app-iced/src/pages/settings/update.rs
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ use unlucky_i18n::{Catalog, Key, Lang};
 use unlucky_presenter::dto::human_bytes;
 
 use crate::app::components::buttons::{self, Button};
+use crate::app::components::interaction::Interaction;
 use crate::app::components::selection::{chip, Chip};
 
 use crate::pages::frame::text_role_owned;
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ use crate::pages::UpdateAction;
 use crate::theme::Ui;
 
 use super::frame::{card, divider};
-use super::Group;
+use super::{forced_button, Group};
 
 /// 「更新」分组在 [`super::GROUPS`] 里的下标（**必须是最后一个**：加组只追加不重排）。
 pub(super) const UPDATE_GROUP: usize = 4;
@@ -57,7 +58,12 @@ pub(super) const GROUP: Group = Group {
 };
 
 /// 渲染整组正文。
-pub(super) fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, update: &'a Update, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+pub(super) fn body<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    update: &'a Update,
+    lang: Lang,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let catalog = lang.catalog();
     let mut stacked = column![].spacing(0.0).width(Length::Fill);
 
@@ -73,9 +79,9 @@ pub(super) fn body<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, update: &'a Update, lang: Lang) -> Element<'a
         channel_label(catalog, &update.channel),
     ));
     stacked = stacked.push(divider(ui));
-    stacked = stacked.push(auto_check_row(ui, catalog, update));
+    stacked = stacked.push(auto_check_row(ui, catalog, update, forced));
     stacked = stacked.push(divider(ui));
-    stacked = stacked.push(status_block(ui, catalog, update));
+    stacked = stacked.push(status_block(ui, catalog, update, forced));
 
     card(ui, stacked)
 }
@@ -121,12 +127,20 @@ fn info_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, label: &'a str, value: String) -> Element<'a, Messag
 /// **忙碌时「立即检查」置灰**（M161）：此前它永远可点，而 presenter 的 `begin_check` 在
 /// inflight 时静默 `return None`——用户点了没反应，还以为启动器卡了。禁用态与状态行同源
 /// （同一个 [`Update::busy`]）：按钮灰着的时候，下面那句状态行一定是「正在检查…」/「正在安装…」。
-fn auto_check_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, update: &Update) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn auto_check_row<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    catalog: Catalog,
+    update: &Update,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let check_now = catalog.text(Key::SettingsUpdateCheckNow);
     let check = if update.can_check() {
         buttons::text(
             ui,
-            Button::new(check_now, Message::Update(UpdateAction::CheckNow)),
+            forced_button(
+                Button::new(check_now, Message::Update(UpdateAction::CheckNow)),
+                forced,
+            ),
         )
     } else {
         buttons::text(ui, Button::disabled(check_now))
@@ -150,7 +164,12 @@ fn auto_check_row<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, update: &Update) -> Element<
 }
 
 /// 上次检查时间 + 结论 + （有候选时）下载按钮 + 说明摘要 + 一句校验提示。
-fn status_block<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, update: &'a Update) -> Element<'a, Message> {
+fn status_block<'a>(
+    ui: &'a Ui,
+    catalog: Catalog,
+    update: &'a Update,
+    forced: Option<Interaction>,
+) -> Element<'a, Message> {
     let mut block = column![].spacing(ui.space(Space::X2)).width(Length::Fill);
 
     let checked = if update.checked_at.trim().is_empty() {
@@ -174,14 +193,17 @@ fn status_block<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, update: &'a Update) -> Element
     });
     block = block.push(text_role_owned(ui, TypeRole::BodySmall, false, text, color));
 
-    if let Some((_version, _size, notes, forced)) = update.available() {
+    if let Some((_version, _size, notes, forced_update)) = update.available() {
         // 有候选就**永远画出**这一颗按钮：忙碌时置灰（`can_apply` = false），而不是整颗消失。
         // 消失会让人以为「装到一半的功能没了」；灰着 + 状态行那句「正在安装…」才说得清。
         let apply_label = catalog.text(Key::SettingsUpdateApply);
         let apply = if update.can_apply() {
             buttons::filled(
                 ui,
-                Button::new(apply_label, Message::Update(UpdateAction::Apply)),
+                forced_button(
+                    Button::new(apply_label, Message::Update(UpdateAction::Apply)),
+                    forced,
+                ),
             )
         } else {
             buttons::filled(ui, Button::disabled(apply_label))
@@ -189,7 +211,7 @@ fn status_block<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, update: &'a Update) -> Element
         let mut actions = row![apply]
             .spacing(ui.space(Space::X2))
             .align_y(Alignment::Center);
-        if forced {
+        if forced_update {
             actions = actions.push(text_role_owned(
                 ui,
                 TypeRole::BodySmall,
@@ -220,9 +242,12 @@ fn status_block<'a>(ui: &'a Ui, catalog: Catalog, update: &'a Update) -> Element
         ));
         block = block.push(buttons::tonal(
             ui,
-            Button::new(
-                catalog.text(Key::UpdateBannerRestartNow),
-                Message::Update(UpdateAction::RestartNow),
+            forced_button(
+                Button::new(
+                    catalog.text(Key::UpdateBannerRestartNow),
+                    Message::Update(UpdateAction::RestartNow),
+                ),
+                forced,
             ),
         ));
     }